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Home >> Specialities >> Neurosciences >> Spine Surgery >> Spinal Cord Injuries

Spinal Cord Injuries

Spinal Cord Injury can be caused by a blunt physical impact that could be the result of an accident, fall, or trauma. Such injuries can affect any part of the spinal column and have been predominantly linked with road traffic accidents. A blunt impact can lead to crushing and fracture, whereas penetration of sharp objects can cause tearing. In extreme cases, there can be a split in the Spinal Cord. Spinal Cord Injuries are often debilitating and require months of rehabilitation. 
Getting familiar with different types of spinal cord injuries

Spinal Cord injuries are broadly classified into two major types. These are:

  • Complete Spinal Cord Injury - This is marked by complete loss of function, commonly referred to as total paralysis, below the part of the spine that has been affected. It can affect both sides of the body. Complete spinal cord injury can lead to quadriplegia (paralysis of all 4 limbs) and paraplegia (paralysis of the lower half of the body)
  • Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury - This is marked by the partial loss of function as only certain pathways of communication between the brain and the spinal cord are damaged. 

Common causes of Spinal Cord Injury
There are several different factors that can lead to a Spinal Cord Injury. These include: 

  • Motor vehicle collision
  • High-impact fall
  • Sports injuries 
  • Surgical complications 

Major indications of a Spinal Cord Injury 
The symptoms experienced by the patient depend on different factors like the location of the injury and the extent of the damage. Common symptoms that could be an indication of a Spinal Cord Injury include:

  • Sudden weakness in the limbs
  • Loss of sensation in the limbs
  • Loss of bladder control 
  • Severe pain in the back 
  • Development of unusual lumps around the spine 
  • Problems with breathing

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